Ear wax (also called cerumen) is produced naturally by glands in the skin of your ear canal. It helps protect your ears by trapping dust, debris, and bacteria.
Ear wax can build up for several reasons, including:
• Overactive wax glands
• Narrow or hairy ear canals
• Use of cotton buds, which push wax deeper
• Wearing hearing aids or earphones regularly
• Age-related changes in skin or wax consistency